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Publications and Research

Research and Publications

AI-Empowered Software Integrated with Mobile Technology to Detect Harmful Noise

Harmful noise is a prevalent and growing health concern worldwide, affecting millions due to prolonged exposure to excessive noise levels. Traditional hearing protection methods, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants, have limitations regarding accessibility, scalability, and effectiveness. In Rwanda, the effects of hazardous noise levels are increasingly apparent, particularly in urban areas and during musical concerts, where excessively loud environments are common. Musicians and concert attendees frequently experience high decibel levels, significantly increasing their risk of hearing impairment. This research proposes an innovative solution utilizing AI-powered software integrated with mobile technology to detect and mitigate harmful noise. The software continuously monitors environmental noise in real time, identifying hazardous sound levels and providing personalized recommendations to users to prevent hearing damage. The development process involves data collection from various audio sources, preprocessing, model training using machine learning techniques, and seamless integration into a user-friendly mobile application. Preliminary results indicate a high accuracy of the AI model in detecting dangerous noise levels and offering actionable feedback. This solution aims to enhance auditory health by making hearing protection more accessible, proactive, and effective for diverse populations. Ethical considerations, including data privacy and bias mitigation, are rigorously addressed to ensure the software's integrity and foster user trust

Keywords: AI-Empowered Software, Harmful Noise Detection, Machine Learning, Mobile Technology, Health Protection, Data Privacy

Authors: Elias Ntawuzumunsi1*, Severin Masengesho1, Maurice Ntahobari1, & Lucien Hakizimana2
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Cheminer ensemble pour le renouvelement de la mission de l'Église

Cet article visait à présenter l’impact pastoral et spirituel de la session de 64 prêtres du diocèse de Bayeux-Lisieux, tenue à Lisieux les 19–20 novembre 2025, en évaluant la culture de l’appel, l’accueil des personnes séparées ou divorcées, et la valorisation du patrimoine des églises. L’hypothèse centrale posait que des échanges structurés en groupes, soutenus par une méthodologie mixte, favoriseraient une meilleure compréhension des priorités diocésaines et un engagement renouvelé des participants. La démarche a combiné une analyse quantitative et qualitative. Un questionnaire distribué aux groupes de discussion a permis de mesurer la perception des participants, tandis que les discussions de groupe ont apporté des données qualitatives sur les pratiques et les attentes. Un représentant de chaque groupe présentait ensuite les résultats pour harmoniser les réponses et identifier les thèmes transversaux. Les résultats révèlent que 91 % des prêtres ont jugé prioritaire le développement d’une culture de l’appel et 92 % ont estimé que l’écoute personnalisée était essentielle pour l’accueil des personnes séparées ou divorcées. Concernant le patrimoine, 97 % ont souligné l’importance de sa valorisation comme opportunité d’entrer en relation avec le monde.

Authors: Lucien Hakizimana
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The Power of Innovation in Family-Based Entrepreneurship: Enhancing Household Stability and Prosperity

Abstract: This study examines the transformative role of innovation in family-based entrepreneurship among 119 entrepreneurship students who developed their skills at the Centre of Entrepreneurial Learning and Innovation (CELI) at the Catholic University of Rwanda (CUR). Its aim is to evaluate how student-led innovations enhance family business efficiency, household income, and social impact.

The study hypothesizes that affordable and contextually relevant innovations, when implemented in family enterprises, generate significant economic and social benefits. A mixed-methods approach was employed, with students collaborating with family businesses to identify challenges and implement small-scale innovations, including mobile money platforms and digital marketing strategies.

Quantitative analysis revealed that 95 out of 119 families (79.8%) adopted at least one student-led innovation. Among these, 85% reported reduced operational costs (averaging 28%), and 78% experienced an income increase ranging from 30% to 50% over six months. Additionally, 70% of participants noted improved teamwork and decision-making within the family.

The adoption of digital tools, particularly mobile payments and WhatsApp marketing, was associated with a 40% expansion in customer reach. Families that implemented sustainable innovations not only generated higher revenues but also contributed to addressing local community challenges.

The study concludes that student-driven innovation can substantially strengthen family entrepreneurship. Expanding CUR’s incubation programs and integrating innovation labs into the curriculum could further scale these outcomes.

Authors: Lucien Hakizimana; Julienne Murekeyisoni; Eric Karenzi
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Strengthening Safeguarding Systems through Training and Child-Centered Pastoral Care

Abstract: In response to Pope Francis’ call to make the Church a “safe home,” the Diocese of Bayeux-Lisieux organized a diocesan training on safeguarding and child protection on 31 January 2026 in Lisieux. The training aimed to institutionalize robust safeguarding systems within the diocese by enhancing pastoral actors’ competencies in child protection, strengthening their knowledge of reporting obligations, and fostering a shared culture of vigilance, transparency, and child-centered pastoral care grounded in the Church’s mission to provide safe environments for minors.

A mixed-methods design assessed the training’s impact. Quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 60 participants - including catechists, chaplaincy leaders, school pastoral animators, and altar-server coordinators - measuring knowledge, attitudes, and perceived competence. Qualitative insights emerged from facilitated group discussions using small-group reflection, case-study analysis and plenary synthesis.

Results showed that 92% of participants improved understanding of legal reporting duties, 88% reported greater confidence in recognizing signs of abuse, 85% valued collaborative vigilance, and 100% endorsed the diocesan safeguarding charter.

This training demonstrates that structured pastoral formation, combining doctrinal reflection with experiential and empirical methods, effectively cultivates a protective culture in faith-based communities.

Authors: Lucien HAKIZIMANA; Ingrid EGNELL
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Être prêtre dans une société en mutation: approche Christo-anthropologique de l’identité, de la mission et de la rencontre culturelle

Cette recherche analyse les perceptions de seize prêtres venus en mission en France concernant les défis pastoraux et culturels rencontrés dans un contexte marqué par la laïcité, la sécularisation et la pluralité des appartenances culturelles. Elle examine comment l’identité et la mission du prêtre sont redéfinies à la lumière du mystère du Christ incarné.

L’étude montre notamment que 91 % des prêtres considèrent la laïcité comme une opportunité de dialogue, 88 % soulignent l’importance d’une communication pastorale adaptée à la culture contemporaine, et 100 % reconnaissent la nécessité d’un enracinement spirituel pour comprendre la diversité humaine.

Elle conclut que la mission sacerdotale appelle aujourd’hui une anthropologie chrétienne du dialogue.

Authors: Lucien HAKIZIMANA; Elie DELPLACE
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Perceptions of Gender, Masculinity, Feminism, and Changing Family Welfare Roles in Urban Rwanda

As Rwanda undergoes rapid urbanization, traditional gender roles are increasingly contested, redefined, and renegotiated. This study explores the evolving dynamics of masculinity, feminism, and family welfare roles in urban Rwanda, focusing on 41 social sciences students at the Catholic University of Rwanda (CUR).

The research investigates how students conceptualize masculinity and feminism using a cultural anthropology lens. Results indicate that 78% perceive masculinity as transforming, 85% confirm women’s economic empowerment, and 62% acknowledge resistance to female leadership.

The study concludes that urban households are transitioning toward shared responsibilities and recommends gender-sensitive policies.

Authors: Lucien HAKIZIMANA; Ernestine BAYISENGE; Alice MUTONIWASE
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Entrepreneurship and Job Creation Backed by Kwigira and Ubudaheranwa

This study explores how the anthropological philosophy of self-reliance (kwigira) and resilience (ubudaheranwa) supports entrepreneurship and economic mobility at Enterprise Urwibutso Sina Gerard Ltd.

Results show that 78% of employees experienced income growth, 65% started businesses, and 82% reported improved financial decision-making. However, 56% cited market competition as a challenge.

The study concludes that self-reliance and resilience strengthen long-term economic independence.

Authors: Lucien HAKIZIMANA; Jean Baptiste BIZIMUNGU; Vedaste UWIHANGANYE; Elias NTAWUZUMUNSI
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Gender Equity and University-to-Work Transitions at Catholic University of Rwanda

Despite progress in gender equity, barriers remain for female science students. This study examines transitions from university to work using mixed methods.

Findings show 60% female enrollment, over 90% employment rate, with key enablers including mentorship (74%) and academic support (82%). Barriers include low self-esteem (56%) and societal norms (62%).

The study recommends scaling inclusive curricula and mentorship programs.

Authors: Lucien HAKIZIMANA; Elias NTAWUZUMUNSI; Julienne MUREKEYISONI
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Bridging Formal Accounting and Community Realities: Social Capital in Cooperatives

This study examines how accounting students perceive non-monetary assets such as trust, solidarity, and reciprocity in cooperatives.

Findings show 78.6% recognize social relationships in cooperatives, but only 26.2% include them in formal reporting. 83.3% support integrating ethical dimensions into accounting education.

The study concludes that accounting education should include social and ethical perspectives.

Authors: Lucien HAKIZIMANA; Elias NTAWUZUMUNSI
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Human Dignity and Imago Dei in Rwandan Culture

This study explores Catholic Social Teaching and Rwandan cultural values among theology students.

Results show 92% link dignity to Imago Dei, 87% value elders’ role, and 90% recognize the Church’s role in justice and reconciliation.

The study concludes strong synergy between CST and Rwandan anthropology.

Authors: Lucien HAKIZIMANA; Alice MUTONIWASE
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Design and Implementation of IoT Based Smart Glasses Device for Visually Impaired People

Abstract: Visually impaired people face challenges in navigating their environment safely. This project develops smart glasses using ultrasonic sensors, ESP32, GSM, and GPS modules to provide obstacle detection, real-time alerts, and emergency SMS notifications. The system improves mobility, safety, and independence for users through IoT-based tracking and haptic feedback.

Authors: Elias Ntawuzumunsi; Theogene Niyitanga; Lucien Hakizimana; Divine Umwizerwa
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IoT Based Smart Maize Crop Storage System by Monitoring Real Time Environmental Parameters

Abstract: This project addresses post-harvest losses in maize storage by developing an IoT-based monitoring system using NodeMCU, DHT11 sensors, gas sensors, and Blynk cloud. The system tracks temperature, humidity, CO2 levels, and light conditions, enabling farmers to receive real-time alerts and maintain optimal storage conditions, reducing spoilage and improving productivity.

Authors: Elias Ntawuzumunsi; Jean Damascene Mushimiyimana; Lucien Hakizimana; Divine Umwizerwa
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The Anthropology of Adult Faith Formation through Sunday Homilies

Abstract: This study explores how culturally grounded Sunday homilies contribute to adult faith formation in Butare Cathedral parish. Findings show that 67% of respondents improved understanding when cultural references were included, and 71% reported spiritual growth. However, 48% noted limited practical application. The study emphasizes integrating anthropology into catechesis.

Authors: Lucien Hakizimana; Laurent Ntaganda
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Sunday Homilies and the Anthropology of Catholic Social Teaching

Abstract: This research examines how Sunday homilies reflect Catholic Social Teaching (CST) through Rwandan cultural values such as Ubuntu, unity, and dignity of work. Results show 81% recall justice themes and 59% took action after homilies, though only 35% observed consistent CST integration. The study recommends clergy training in CST and cultural anthropology.

Authors: Laurent Ntaganda; Lucien Hakizimana
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Biblical Foundations and Catholic Social Teaching in Promoting Integral Human Development

Abstract: This study explores how theology students understand CST and integral human development at CUR. Findings show 86% associate development with human dignity, but only 41% are familiar with key CST documents. The study recommends strengthening CST integration in theological education and practical training.

Authors: Laurent Ntaganda; Lucien Hakizimana
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Contribution of Waste Management on Job Creation and Anthropo-Social Circular Economy

Abstract: This study evaluates waste management practices in Rwanda’s GAPM Ltd and their contribution to circular economy development. Findings show 100% job creation impact, 85.7% resource conservation, and 78.6% improved health outcomes. The study recommends strengthening awareness and sustainable waste practices in rural communities.

Authors: Lucien Hakizimana; Jorge Marx G�mez; Laurent Ntaganda
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Emerging Technologies and Disaster Management in Radio Ishingiro

Abstract: This study examines how Radio Ishingiro uses emerging technologies for disaster management in Gicumbi District. Results show improved communication, better preparedness, and increased rural outreach. The study concludes that ICT tools significantly enhance disaster response and community resilience.

Authors: Lucien Hakizimana; Jorge Marx G�mez
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Whoever Wants Peace Prepares Peace: Impact of Peace Education in Rwanda

Abstract: This study evaluates peace education programs in Rwanda involving over 1500 participants. Results show 78% improved conflict resolution skills, 81% behavioral change, and 76% reduced school violence. The study concludes that peace education strengthens social cohesion but requires more resources for sustainability.

Authors: Benjamin Niyonsuti; Lucien Hakizimana; Laurent Ntaganda
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Design and Implementation of Smart Bees Hiving and Monitoring System

Abstract: This paper presents a smart beehive monitoring system using Arduino, GSM, and LCD technologies. The system enables real-time monitoring of hive conditions to improve honey production and beekeeping efficiency while reducing risks in traditional apiculture.

Authors: Elias Ntawuzumunsi; Santhi Kumaran
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Self-Powered Smart Beehive Monitoring and Control System (SBMaCS)

Abstract: This IoT-based system enables remote monitoring and control of beehives using sensors and mobile applications. It enhances colony safety, energy efficiency, and honey production through real-time environmental data tracking.

Authors: Elias Ntawuzumunsi; Santhi Kumaran; Louis Sibomana
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Resource Efficient Algorithm for D2D Communications in LTE Networks

Abstract: This study proposes an optimized algorithm for device-to-device communication in LTE networks. The model improves spectrum sharing between adjacent and co-channel cells, significantly increasing system capacity and resource efficiency.

Authors: Elias Ntawuzumunsi; Santhi Kumaran
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Contribution of Small and Medium Enterprises Run by Women in Generating Employment Opportunity in Rwanda

Abstract: This study examines the role of women-led SMEs in Rwanda’s economic development. Findings highlight their contribution to employment creation, gender equality, and economic growth. The study recommends supportive government policies to strengthen women entrepreneurship.

Authors: Rachel Bayisenge; Hu Shengde; Yves Harimana; Jean Bosco Karega; Muhammad Nasrullah; others
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Gender Equality, Agriculture and Rural Development: Evidence from Nyamasheke Coffee Production in Rwanda

Abstract: This study explores women’s participation in coffee production and its impact on rural development in Rwanda. Findings show improved economic empowerment and gender equality through agricultural engagement. The study recommends policies supporting women in agriculture.

Authors: Rachel Bayisenge; Hu Shengde; Yves Harimana; Jean Bosco Karega; Muhammad Nasrullah; Diogene Tuyiringire
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